Should Curfews Be Implemented - 786 Words

A curfew is a rule set by parents or legal guardians for children to prevent them from being in specific places in specific times. Approximately 500 cities in the US have laws regarding curfews that forbid teens from being on the streets on curfew hours that are under 18 years of age (Favro, 2009). Many parents and teenagers are facing countless problems regarding curfews which has grown into being the main problem in parenting children. Some people claim that curfews are the best way to parent children while other argue that they do not work. However, not only are they an invasion of a teens freedom and social life, curfews should not be implemented as they do not keep a teen out of trouble and they affect a teen’s psychological status and behavior. Initially, curfews are considered a violation and invasion of a teen’s freedom and social life. When parents set a curfews for their children, they are implicitly denying them of making their own choices in life. In addition, curfews also affect a teen’s social life in many ways. People generally start developing their personality in their teen years, thus, it is imperative for a teen to socialize in order to build a healthy and positive personality. Carl Pickhardt (2011), a psychologist in Austin, Texas, writes in his article, â€Å"Adolescence and Curfew†, that setting an appropriate curfew is not an easy matter as it limits a teen’s social life and freedom. Pickhardt also marks that limiting a teen’s social lifeShow MoreRelatedCurfews Dont Work812 Words   |  4 PagesCurfews Strict rules create rebellious teens. Many people think that curfews are a fundamental way to keeping teens out of trouble, but this is not the case. Curfews are neither applicable, justified, nor are they a way to diminish criminal activities committed by adolescents. Curfews are ultimately useless because there are too many reasons that contradict why a curfew would work. Curfew advocates may argue that it is important to monitor your child and have them follow a strict schedule, butRead MoreDo Curfews Keep Teens Out of Trouble? Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pages Each parent has extremely different curfews set for their children, based on the individual level of responsibility and trust levels. Some local government decides to set their own curfews, to keep teens off the streets at night and out of trouble. Many people argue whether this actually solves anything, or is even legal to do, since it is taking away a piece of teenager’s freedom. Although there are many good and bad points to enforcing curfews, they should be less enforced because they do notRead MoreWhy Should Curfew Start At A Specific Time?960 Words   |  4 PagesHawai’i’s Law of Curfew Most adults and parents foresee curfew as a discipline to teenagers, but from an adolescent s’ perspective, they take it as a threat to their social life. In Hawai’i, the law clearly states that children who are under the age of sixteen and have no adult supervision, shall not be out between the hours of ten p.m. and four a.m. In today’s society, there are a variety of activities and events that occur pass curfew for teens where friends can gallivant and socialize, watchRead MoreEssay on Teenage Curfew Leads to Trouble Not Safety1600 Words   |  7 Pagescan be solved by a magical curfew? Can parents really keep their teenagers out of trouble or does an imposed curfew only lead to resentment and chaos? Parents think back to when you were a teenager, did you have a curfew? If so, did you follow the rules or break them? Teenagers are no more likely to follow the rules today than they were in the past. It is not likely that creating a curfew for teenagers will cut down on the risk of violence and rule breaking. Curfews have been around in the UnitedRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Delinquency1322 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go; and when he is old, he will not depart from it (Proverbs 22:6 New International Version). Juvenile crime, in law, term denoting various offense committed by children or youth under the age of 18. U.S. official crime reported that in the mid-1900’s â€Å"about one-fifth of all persons arrested for crimes were under the age of 18† (Funk Wagnalls, 2014). Such acts are sometimes referred to as juvenile delinquency (Funk Wagnalls, 2014. Offering constructive programsRead MoreThe Department Of Juvenile Services941 Words   |  4 PagesStatistics shows that the number of juvenile homicides has decreased 46% statewide from the year 2007. The non-fatal shootings of juveniles in Baltimore City has decreased tremendously, the lowest level in 30 years. Department of Juvenile Services implemented the method to ensure the earliest possible intervention in any sustained delinquency or violation of conditions of probation by VPI youth, by this means diminishing risk for behaviors that could result in crimes of violence. The program is beingRead MoreTreatment or Prevention1323 Words   |  6 Pagesfellow students about being homosexual (Borunda D. June 6, 2012). I am not saying homosexuality is right nonetheless being bullied at such a crucial time in their adolescent years is what’s not right and those individuals who are responsible for this should be held accountable for their actions. Another issue teen’s face is a life of addiction. This is a serious issue that many overlook but has taken so many lives silently. Addiction is defined as a condition that results when a person ingests a substanceRead MorePreventing Teenagers from Trouble581 Words   |  2 Pagesare benefits for establishing a curfew. A curfew is a designated hour that requires people to remain indoors. Curfews are typically set in place by parents for their teenagers to return home at a certain time at night. There are a numerous amount of compelling arguments that support each side of the idea about curfews. Althou gh there are many arguments that can be made, there are a number of positive factors that lead to the belief that curfews should be implemented in a household atmosphere. AnRead MoreEssay female juvenile crime736 Words   |  3 Pagesvictimization plays a key role in the offending of women. quot;†¦Responses must address a world that has been unfair to women and especially those of color and poverty.quot; (The Female Offender). She also stresses that therapy and rehabilitation programming should be gender specific. Chesney-Lind believes that women are faced with special issues, including the prevalence of abuse that female offenders endure. The American Correctional Association found that A) 61.2 percent of female inmates were physicallyRead MoreHuman Rights Violations And Lack Of Supervision1412 Words   |  6 Pagesdeciding what action to take in a situation, which can lead to mistakes and overreactions. Additionally, peacekeepers can be bias towards or against certain people, which causes them to either act with excessive aggression or to go easy on people who should be punished. Therefore, although peacekeepers are mostly beneficial for th e regions in which they are stationed, a lack of oversight leads to corruption, violence and misunderstandings. There are 16 peacekeeping operations worldwide, mainly in parts

Jack Reacher Book Report - 1994 Words

Language Arts Book Report Name of the Book: A Reacher novel:61 hours by Lee Child. This title is related to the book because the entire book is a countdown recollection of events that leads up to the climax, where Reacher and Plato, the protagonist and antagonist fight. It begins with 61 hours before the main fight. Author: Lee Child. The main protagonist of the novel is Jack Reacher, an ex-military policeman that spends the majority of his time as a â€Å"nomad,† wandering around the states, looking for places to travel. His personality quite matches his name because his last name, Reacher, is symbolic of a person that climbs the greatest heights and overcomes the obstacles of ruthless difficulty. Reacher is an intrinsically intellectual†¦show more content†¦Finally, betrayal is even seen through one of the innocent characters, Janet Salter the witness, against Reacher. She had promised him a myriad of times that she would lock herself inside the basement with her revolver if danger was near, but when the time came and Plato’s guards were coming for her, she most likely decided that her life was almost near the end anyway (she was an elderly woman) and decided to take a bullet through the head. The third motif I found is coffee. Since Reacher is an ex-soldier, coffee has become a favorite b everage because he needed to always be awake in case an emergency appears. With faced with a case like this, Reacher always buys coffee to drink to keep alert and aware of the environment, even trivial matters because they always turn out to be significant later on in the story. 3 themes All the motifs above are connected to the main themes of the story. The cold, although possibly considered a symbol, is a recurring concept that contributes to the development of the story. We have to escalate the motif to a figurative level, which is the harsh environment that fosters evil actions. The cold weather really sets the theme up, as the readers even get the feeling of discomfort. Holland’s harsh condition without his prized daughter fosters his evil side, leading him to kill his own officers and attempting to murder Janet Salter

Internal and External Factors Affecting Workforce Planning Sample

Question: Identify and Explain the Important aspects of Workforce Planning and Discuss how Workforce Planning is affected by a Range of Internal and External Factors and Strategies for Retaining and attracting Skilled Labour. Answer: Introduction According to the Minnesota Management and Budget, workforce planning is a continuous process that helps a business organisation in analysing its current workforce, forecast future human resource needs, identification of gaps between the present and the future and implement solutions that can help an organisation in achieving its mission, goals and objectives (Getting Started, n.d.). Workforce planning is considered to one of the most important functions in human resource management and actively aids business organisations in becoming more effective and efficient. Workforce planning further includes some important elements, such as strategic planning, workload projections, legislative forecast, turnover analysis and budget projections. It is a tool that has an effect on all human resource functions, such as recruitment and selection, compensation and benefits, training and development, performance management, attraction and retention of staff, etc. Aspects of workforce planning As discussed above, workforce planning is an important task as it helps business organisations in getting the right number of people with the right skills at the right job so that an organisation can achieve its organisational goals and objectives (Workforce planning, 2016). Workforce planning has some important aspects that helps an organisation in achieving success by becoming better and more efficient. Some important aspects of human resource planning are discussed below: Forecasting and assessment Forecasting and assessment is one the most critical aspects of workforce or human resource planning that helps business organisations in forecasting the demand and supply of human resource in the future. Forecasting and assessment involves an evaluation of the past workforce trends along with the present situations and future events. Human resources are the most important resources in any business and without the presence of human resources no business can work. A business organisation can lose its effectiveness in case there is shortage of workforce or surplus workforce at any point of time because shortage of workforce can halt the operations of a company while a surplus workforce will increase the operational expenses of the company (Lohrey, n.d.). Thus, organisations carry out workforce planning using data from the past, present and the future so that they can be assure of the human resource requirements in the future, compare them with the present condition of human resources, analyse the gap between where they are and where they want to be and design steps that would allow them to meet the identified gap. Forecasting and assessment ensures that an organisation is never short of workforce at any point of time. In this process, the management gathers various information related to the human resources, such as upcoming retirements promotions, employee turnover rates, retention rates, absenteeism, etc. and uses this data to forecast the human resource requirements in the future. Forecasting is the stepping stone of workforce planning because an organisation cannot make plans for its workforce until and unless it has some crucial data that can help it in the planning phase. It not only helps in identifying the gaps between the present and the future human resource needs but also helps an organisation in becoming more efficient by ensuring optimum workforce at all times and avoiding surplus or shortage of workforce. Further, it also helps in identifying some important human resource factors, such as employee turnover rates, retention rate, future retirement and promotions, etc. One real life example that demonstrates the effectiveness of forecasting and assessing in workforce planning related to Hewlett-Packard. The company had a workforce of almost 300,000 employees and was experiencing a turnover ratio of 20%, which implies that employees working with HP would leave on average within 5 years of joining. In 2011, two scientists working at HP combined data fro m past two years and concluded that all employees working at HP had a likelihood of quitting the company (Vulpen, n.d.). Also, on the basis of their study, they were able to identify the reasons because of which the turnover rates were sky rocketing. Therefore, they started dealing with the issues and were ultimately able to save $300 million by retaining employees using forecasting and assessment in its workforce planning. Recruitment Employee recruitment and selection has been considered to be one of the most critical aspects in human resource management as well as in workforce planning. Employee recruitment is a process that allows business organisations to attract and hire new candidates so that the company can meet its present and future human resource demands (Recruitment Definition, n.d.). Once the management of a company is done with forecasting and assessing the demands of the human resources in the future, it then has to take important decisions regarding the recruitment of new candidates so that it can bridge the gap between the present and the future human resource requirements. In order to bridge the gap between the two states, an organisation can choose from two types of recruitment techniques internal recruitment or external recruitment. In internal recruitment, an organisation can meet its human resource requirements with the help of existing workforce using various methods, such as internal job postings, job rotations, re-employment of ex-employees, etc. On the other hand, external recruitment is a process in which business organisations fulfil the human resource demands by hiring people from outside the organisation using various methods, such as job advertisements, employee referrals, employment exchange, job centres, job portals, head hunters (recruitment agencies), etc. (Recruiting Internally and Externally, 2016). Both the techniques of recruitment have their own advantages and disadvantages and the choice of recruitment method is totally dependent upon the management of the company. Recruitment is considered to be one of the most important aspects of workforce planning because it helps business organisations in finding out the right fit for the right job at the right time. Succession planning Succession planning is another aspect of workforce planning which involves identification and development of employees who can take up higher job positions in the organisation that are likely to become vacant in the near future. Succession planning also helps businesses in meeting their future human resource demands using existing human resources. (HR Planning - Succession Planning, n.d.). Succession planning is an issue that most organisations fail to address whereas it is very important for present day business organisations to be into succession planning. Once an organisation has executed forecasting and has also identified the techniques of recruitment, it can start succession planning as a stepping stone for internal recruitment. Sometimes, it is best suited for organisations to meet their future human resource demands internally i.e. by promotions, job rotations, transferring or by hiring ex-employees. If a company feels that it can meet the future human resource requirements of its workforce by promoting an existing employee, it can start succession planning for that employee. Succession planning is a continuous process that can help an organisation in identifying the positions that are most likely to become vacant in the near future due to a number of reasons, such as retirement, employee turnover, death, etc. The process of succession planning consists of thre e main steps identifying job positions that are likely to become vacant in the near future, identifying employees from existing workforce who can fill up the vacant positions and preparing them for the new job positions. Succession planning also involves keeping a check on the attrition rates and to ensure retention of employees who have been identified to have a potential to fill up new job positions. Succession planning also contributes towards the overall success of an organisation. In succession planning, business organisations are indirectly helping their employees in the development of their careers. When the employees feel that they have a bright future in the company for which they are working, they become more committed to their jobs and the company and a fall in the employee turnover rates is achieved as a result of it. One of the best succession planning strategy was adopted by Apple, which is the wolds top consumer electronics company. Apple did a great work in training and developing Tim Cook, who succeeded Steve Jobs (Founder CEO of the company) after his demise (Bersin, 2011). The company developed Tim Cook for several years so that he could capture the essence of Steve Jobs management policy and continue to lead the company on its pathway to success. Training and development Training and development in human resource management is aimed at increasing the job related skills and technicalities of the employees so that they can become more competitive and can contribute more towards the achievement of organisational goals and objectives (Training and development, n.d.). Training and development not only helps business organisations in developing the skills of their employees but also forms an important aspect in the planning of the workforce. Once an organisation has conducted a thorough forecast of its human resource needs in the future, it has to identify strategies that can help it in bridging the gap between its present situation and the future state. No matter how an organisation plans to staff its workforce, it will have to arrange for training and development programs for the employees who are hired internally as well as the employees who are hired externally. Training and development ensures that the employees learn the skills that are required to help the organisation in achieving its goals and objectives in the future. Training and development can be arranged for those individuals who have been identified in the succession planning stage to take up higher job positions in the organisation so that they can learn all those skills and technicalities that would help them in carrying out their future job duties and responsibilities. Training and development is one of the most important aspects of workforce planning and human resource management. It not only helps in making the workforce more competent but also helps in motivating them, increasing the level of job satisfaction and to make the employees more committed towards their job and the company (Employee Training and Development: Reasons and Benefits, n.d.). Internal and external factors affecting workforce planning Workforce planning is dependent on a number of internal and external environmental factors. These factors are discussed below: External factors Employment: Workforce planning can be largely affected by the employment conditions prevailing in the country. For example, a country where there is greater unemployment, a company might feel pressure from the government to recruit more individuals so that the rate of unemployment can be curbed. On the other hand, an organisation operating in a country where there is shortage of labour might have to hire employees from a different country. Technical changes in the society: The rate at which technology changes take place is very fast and workforce planning falls vulnerable to the changes that the society experiences in technology. Whenever there are technological changes occurring in the society, business organisations have to hire new employees that possess the required technical knowledge and at the same time deal with the existing employees. Demographic changes: Demographic changes refer to the changes in factors, such as age, population, composition, etc. of the society. Demographic changes can result in retirements, graduation of new candidates, etc. This can have an impact on the workforce planning of a company. Pressure groups: Business organisations have to keep the interests of certain pressure groups in mind. Groups like human resource activists, media, woman activists, etc. can create a lot of trouble for businesses and can cause a significant change in the workforce planning of companies. Competition: The extent of competition in an industry can also have a great deal of impact on the workforce planning of the companies operating in that industry. Employers of choice in an industry have an advantage in the workforce planning process as the candidates are themselves interested in working with them and will contact the recruitment cells of such companies on their own. On the other hand, workforce planning for smaller companies can be difficult as they have to make extra efforts to advertise and promote vacancies in their workplaces (Benjamin, n.d.). Labour laws and legislations: Every country has its own set of labour laws and legislation and all companies working in that country are required to adhere to the labour laws of that country. In case there are new labour policies or the government decides to introduce changes in the existing labour policies, an impact on the workforce planning can be experienced by the companies. Further, a company operating in more than one nation (a multinational organisation) has to adhere to special labour laws, such as ratio of home country employees to host country employees, etc. set up by the government of the host country for foreign investors. Such factors can have a huge impact on the workforce planning of business organisations. Internal factors: Organisational changes: Organisational changes can also have a huge impact on the workforce planning of a company. With new products coming in and with diversification taking place, an organisation can experience an impact on its workforce planning. Employee relations and company policy: Internal policies of a company can also have an impact on its workforce planning. Workforce planning of a company that gives more importance to internal promotions will differ from the workforce planning of a company that gives more important to external sources of recruitment. Budget: The human resource budget of a company can have a significant impact on the workforce planning of a company. The number of employees a company can hire is dependent upon its staffing budget (Ashe-Edmunds, n.d.). Skill levels: The skills levels that a company requires in its employees can change from time to time and can have a consequent effect on the human resource planning of a company. Strategies to attract and retain skilled labour Attracting and retaining talented or skilled workforce is one of the most important functions in human resource management. It has been observed that high employee turnover results in frequent recruitment and selection processes, which can be 1.5 times costlier than the salaries that the companies are already paying to their employees. Therefore, it is important for business organisations to implement strategies that can help them in retaining and attracting talented employees. Some strategies that can be used by companies to attract and retain talented employees are discussed below: Attracting employees One of the best strategies to attract talented employees is to research the market continuously and discover the places where the potential candidates can be found. Secondly, knowing more about the competitive firms and having information about what they are offering can also help in designing compensation and benefits plans for the employees and attracting them for employment. Thirdly, companies should be transparent internally as well as externally so that the employees know what the company has to offer to them and can place their trust in the company. Fourthly, companies can gather feedback regarding their attraction strategies from the candidates that apply for recruitment so that the company can know about the strategies which are working and the ones which are not. Fifthly, companies can create a potential network using various sources of media and technology where it can advertise its job openings and can increase the chances of attracting skilled employees (Lattimer, 2015). Lastly, being ethical towards the existing employees can also help business organisations in attracting talented employees as it helps in improving reputation in the market and also because talented employees are looking for companies that care about their human resources and have a good market reputation. Retaining employees Business organisations are investing billions of dollars in the management of their human resources and to make their human resource more competitive as it helps them in achieving their organisational goals and objectives. When a company experiences high employee turnover rates, the resources that it invests in the development of human resources are wasted while it also has to bear high costs of recruitment and selection processes (HEIKKILA, 2016). There are a number of strategies that business organisations can use to retain its skilled labour. Firstly, business organisations should have clear mission and vision statements that give a specific direction to the employees and make them feel that the company values them. Secondly, business organisations should ensure that the employees are constantly engaged in the workplace by providing them challenging work that they can enjoy. It has been found that one of the greatest causes of high employee turnover is boredom i.e. when the employ ees become bored of their jobs. Thirdly, business organisations can arrange for training and development programs for their employees so that they can polish their skills and develop their career options. Fourthly, empowering the employees can also help a company in increasing their interest in their respective jobs and becoming more satisfied with their jobs. Fifthly, business organisations should definitely implement performance management programs in the workplace because such programs are not only helpful in optimising the performance of the employees but can also help in keeping the employees engaged and motivated. Sixthly, business organisations should carefully design compensation and benefit plans for the employees so that they do not feel underpaid and tend to quit the organisation as a result of it. Seventhly, business organisations should try to fulfil higher positions in the hierarchy through internal recruitment processes as it offers talented employees with a chance to develop their career. When employees perceive career growth in an organisation where they are working, their tendency to quit the organisation becomes very less. Lastly, flexible work arrangements can help business organisations in retaining their employees. It has been found that an improper work life balance is the main cause of high employee turnover rates in business organisation. If business organisations can implement flexible working hour policies in the workplace, they can definitely increase their retention rates to a great extent (Yazinski, 2009). Memo for the nursing staff To: The nursing staff From: The management, XYZ Hospital Subject: Regarding a change in the weekend shifts Date: 12th April, 2017 It has been found that the employees working in the nursing staff want to attend the weekend shifts rather than the company selecting particular employees to work on the weekends. As a result, the management of the company has decided to take the feedback into consideration and offer an equal opportunity to all the members to work during the weekends. From now on, all members of the nursing staff will be given weekend shifts at regular intervals so that there can be an equality in the workplace. The main objective behind the change is to make the nursing staff feel that the management values their feedback and will try to do its best to improve the work conditions for them. By providing the staff with the working conditions that they desire, the management expects them to perform better and contribute more towards the achievement of organisational goals and objectives. Change in overtime compensations ABC organisation Pvt. Ltd. has recently discovered through a number of surveys that the employees are not satisfied with the overtime policies of the company. It has been identified that most of the employees prefer being paid for the extra time that they work for rather than being awarded rostered days off as a compensation for the overtime that they put in. As a result, the management of ABC organisation Pvt. Ltd. has decided that the employees will be given a fixed compensation for every additional hour (except the normal working hours) that they work for. The change has been brought by keeping in mind that the flexibility that was being offered to the employees by offering them rostered days off was difficult for the company to handle and was also reducing the overall productivity of the organisation due to absence of employees working overtime during some important meetings and discussions. Further, offering incentives to the employees for the overtime that they work for will also allow them to earn more than their regular pay scale and manage their expenses in a better way. Putting an end to rostered day offs will also allow the company to deal with staff shortages that were occurring in the past and help the company in dealing with high demand periods by sharing a small portion of its profits with the employees who have put in extra efforts to help the organisation in achieving its goals and objectives. References Getting Started. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from sol.mmb.state.mn.us: https://sol.mmb.state.mn.us/wfp-get-started Workforce planning. (2016, August 24). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.cipd.co.uk: https://www.cipd.co.uk/knowledge/strategy/organisational-development/workforce-planning-factsheet Lohrey, J. (n.d.). Forecasting Techniques in Human Resource Planning. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from yourbusiness.azcentral.com: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/forecasting-techniques-human-resource-planning-25543.html Vulpen, E. v. (n.d.). Predictive Analytics in Human Resources: Tutorial and 7 case studies. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.analyticsinhr.com: https://www.analyticsinhr.com/blog/predictive-analytics-human-resources/ Recruitment Definition. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.simplehrguide.com: https://www.simplehrguide.com/recruitment-definition.html Recruiting Internally and Externally. (2016, September 29). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.shrm.org: https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/tools-and-samples/toolkits/pages/recruitinginternallyandexternally.aspx HR Planning - Succession Planning. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from hrcouncil.ca: https://hrcouncil.ca/hr-toolkit/planning-succession.cfm Bersin, J. (2011, August 26). The Real Succession Plan For Steve Jobs: Apple Thinks Different With Apple University. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from blog.bersin.com: https://blog.bersin.com/the-real-succession-plan-for-steve-jobs-apple-thinks-different-with-apple-university/ Training and development. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.whatishumanresource.com: https://www.whatishumanresource.com/training-and-development Employee Training and Development: Reasons and Benefits. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2017, from managementhelp.org: https://managementhelp.org/training/basics/reasons-for-training.htm Benjamin, T. (n.d.). External Internal Environmental Factors Influencing HR Activities. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/external-internal-environmental-factors-influencing-hr-activities-34745.html Ashe-Edmunds, S. (n.d.). Internal Factors to Consider in Human Resource Planning. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from smallbusiness.chron.com: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/internal-factors-consider-human-resource-planning-60960.html Lattimer, C. (2015, December 23). 13 Key Strategies to Attract and Retain Highly Talented People in 2016. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.inc.com: https://www.inc.com/christina-lattimer/13-key-strategies-to-attract-and-retain-highly-talented-people-in-2016.html HEIKKILA, A. (2016, February 11). How To Attract And Retain The Best Employees In 2016. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from www.talentculture.com: https://www.talentculture.com/how-to-attract-and-retain-the-best-employees-in-2016/ Yazinski, S. K. (2009, August 03). HR and Employment Law White Papers. Retrieved April 12, 2017, from hr.blr.com: https://hr.blr.com/whitepapers/Staffing-Training/Employee-Turnover/Strategies-for-Retaining-Employees-and-Minimizing-

The Hiring Decision

The hiring decision of the most qualified Deputy Minister of the agency will be based on both the academic qualifications and working experience of the candidates who have applied for the job (Carroll, 1990).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The Hiring Decision specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To begin with, it is vital to underscore the fact that the agency deals with setting safety standards and product testing of all environmental emissions and goods produced from manufacturing plants. Therefore, the most suitable candidate should possess a solid background in environmental science. The ideal candidate should be a specialist on environmental pollution control. Before embarking on the academic qualifications of the candidate, it is profound to highlight the job description criteria that the new Deputy Minister will be expected to deliver while in office. To begin with, the Deputy Minister (DM) will have to ensure that there is thorough compliance with the local, state and national laws that govern the emission of hazardous materials from either manufactured products or factories. The new DM will be expected to be in a position to perform the following key roles: Management and development of information systems that can be used in the process of identifying various locations where hazardous materials are being released. The ability to update and deliver training programs for employees in relation to the emission of dangerous wastes and materials. Active supervision of active contracts that are being carried out in external locations. Examples of contracts include the removal and testing of materials that are hazardous. The ability to initiate thorough investigations regarding complaints emanating from employees especially in regards to harmful exposure to air pollutants and hazardous materials. The ability to enhance accurate maintenance of records by junior officials in the ministry . Records that should be maintained include transportation of hazardous wastes, complaint investigations and chemical inventories. Updating the Minister on both the proposed and current control measures that are linked to various areas of assigned programs. Initiating field work activities with the assistance of junior officers in the ministry. Facilitating regular sampling of wastes that may be harmful from factories. This duty should go hand in hand with screening of materials that are likely to contain heavy particles such as asbestos. The ability to initiate and monitor the process of maintaining inspection and operation schedules. It should be noted that while the above roles and responsibilities are supposed to be performed by the junior environmental specialists in the ministry, the DM is expected to possess similar skills and competences so that he or she is thoroughly updated on the daily activity logs at the ministry (Carroll, 1990). As a matter of fact, the DM must have attained various levels of achievements within his or her area of specialization before being appointed in this position. Required general qualifications The Deputy Minister (DM) should possess adequate working knowledge of environmental pollutants such as industrial gaseous emissions, hazardous pollutants that are manufactured in factories and general harmful materials such as asbestos. The DM should also be in capacity to comprehend and fully apply hazardous materials regulations that have been put in place by the government. He or she should possess ample working experience in relation to the processes of inspecting materials that are hazardous. He or she should be well endowed with excellent relationship, communication and interpersonal skills. Desired academic qualifications In addition to the above general qualifications for the Deputy Minister, he or she will also be assessed in terms of the academic qualifications as follows: Must possess a Bachelor’s degree in eit her physical or biological sciences from any accredited institution of higher learning. Background in environmental science related subjects like Biology and Chemistry. Natural science specialist will also qualify for this position. Advanced degree certification (masters and PhD) in the above mentioned fields. Additional skills and competences The DM should be thoroughly familiar with the tools used in environmental science. Some of these tools include digital survey patterns, soil probes, rain water samples, and mercury monitors. The candidate should posses the ability to utilize graphics and compliance software, be scientifically analytical and also be able to use map creation in a skilful manner. From the above pools of qualifications, it is evident that the Deputy Minister of the agency should be an individual who is adequately conversant with all the critical environmental matters (Carroll, 1990). He or she should have thorough knowledge of the entire system more than any of the environmental officers who have been deployed in the ministry. Therefore, the above criteria will be the most appropriate to use in appointing the Deputy Minister.Advertising Looking for case study on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dr. Murray Lee is apparently the most qualified candidate among the three candidates due to his science background. However, he is no longer interested in the position. As an alternative candidate, Gerard Leclerc can be appointed as the DM due to his background in science. He is the director of the Consumer Scientists Association of Quebec and therefore suitably placed to take over as the Deputy Minister. Reference Carroll, B.W. (1990). Politics and Administration: A Trichotomy?† Governance: An  International Journal of Policy and Administration 4(3), 345-366. This case study on The Hiring Decision was written and submitted by user Nathan Cunningham to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How We Relate to the Complex Ancient Roman Republican Govern essays

How We Relate to the Complex Ancient Roman Republican Govern essays How We Relate to the Complex Ancient Roman Republican Government Rome was built on the famous seven hills overlooking the Tiber River, midway down the Italian peninsula and about fifteen miles from the western coast. Rome became an independent state about 500 B.C. By the time of the collapse of the Roman Empire (about 476 A.D., almost 1000 years after its creation), it had acquired enough land to constitute the majority of the European continent. The main reason for the strength and longevity of the Roman Empire was the Roman government. The Roman government was well constructed with an elaborate system of checks and balances. This type of construction allowed the Roman government to effectively govern its people and control its strong military. The Roman republican government was very successful and was also the foundation for the modern western governmental bodies. Most political scientists refer to the Roman republic as an oligarchic republic (where the people are dominated by the leadership), based on the division of the population into two classes, the patricians and the plebeians. The aristocracy of well-to-do families formed the class of patricians (from the Latin word patres meaning fathers); they alone were full citizens (Brinton, Christopher, and Wolff 96). Membership in the patrician class was limited to propertied families already well established in the Etruscan era. The inferior class of plebeians (from the Latin word plebs meaning the multitude) comprised about ninety per cent of the Roman population (Brinton, Christopher, and Wolff 97). Merchants, laborers, small farmers, and the large group of debtors (created by the economic upheaval following the expulsion of the Etruscans) were all plebeians. The plebeians were denied full political rights, particularly access to high ...

Aristotle on the Mixed Form of Government in Sparta

Aristotle on the Mixed Form of Government in Sparta Aristotle, in  On the Lacedaemonian Constitution- a section of  The Politics- says that some claim Spartas system of government included monarchical, oligarchic and democratic components. The Lacedaemonian [Spartan] constitution is defective in another point; I mean the Ephoralty. This magistracy has authority in the highest matters, but the Ephors are chosen from the whole people, and so the office is apt to fall into the hands of very poor men, who, being badly off, are open to bribes.- Aristotle Monarchical In the monarchical system two kings- hereditary monarchs, one from each of the Agiad and Eurypontid families- had priestly obligations and the power to make war (although by the time of the Persian Wars, the kings power to make war was restricted). Oligarchic The kings were automatic members of the Gerousia, the council of 28 elders picked for life plus the two kings. Five ephors, chosen annually by popular election, had the main power. Democratic The final component was the assembly, made up of all Spartiates- full Spartan citizens- over 18. Aristotle on the Poor In the quoted passage on the government of Sparta, Aristotle disapproves of government run by poor people. He thinks they would take bribes. This is striking for two reasons: that he would think the rich were not susceptible to bribes, and that he approves of government by the elite, something people in modern democracies tend to disapprove. Why would such a well-educated, brilliant thinker believe there was a difference between the rich and poor? Sources Chronology of Early SpartaAncient History SourcebookThe Ephors of Sparta  Herodotus on the Kings of Sparta C 430 BCEThe Kings of SpartaPeriegesis Hellados IIIThe Spartan SystemThomas Martin OverviewXenophon: Constitution of the Lacedaemonians 13.1ff and  Ã‚  8.3

The Psychosocial Model of Shamanic Trance Assignment

The Psychosocial Model of Shamanic Trance - Assignment Example The shamanic experience fits into the culture's mundis imaginalis, the way the members of a certain culture perceive the world. The shaman's role as healer requires communal recognition and acceptance. When a shaman is in training, there are often spirit helpers and human assistants who facilitate the process of the shamanic journey. The shaman's assistant will help to increase the vividness of the visions summoned in the shamanic trance by encouraging recollection of some things and avoiding others. In a trance state, mental imagery resulting from temporal and occipital lobe activity is perceived as real. The more perceptually real and detailed a vision is, the greater its cognitive and psychological effect will be. Just as keeping a dream diary will tend to sharpen the recall and intensify a person's dreams, the shaman's training has a similar effect. One essential aspect of training is the ability to control visions. The trainee learns to start and stop visions at will. The proces ses are kindled and tuned by the trainer. A shaman who is unable to control the vision process will be perceived as a bad shaman, as lack of control indicates that the spirits are in charge. In societies where oral traditions are observed as the main method of transferring information from one generation to the next, the shaman helps the community to remember the sacral world by recalling and interpreting and re-enacting it. The shaman is active in different areas, including the role of diagnostician and healer. But the role in preserving the tradition of the culture also constitutes a vital contribution to society.  The therapeutic triangle is described by Jane Atkinson in her investigations on the Wana people in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Contrary to Western medicine, where the pathological process and the healing rituals are confined to the patient suffering the symptoms, the shamanistic healing traditions extend treatment to involve the entire community.

Mind of Great Companies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Mind of Great Companies - Research Paper Example Because Marriott has not joined the line of companies that make revenue increases their focus without respect for corporate ethics, it can be said that the company is on the right path. However, there could be more room for improvement though the adaption of a client based corporate ethics whereby the company will have an avenue for their customers to bring on board critical aspects of ethics that they would want the company to address so that the company structures its programs to include these suggestions. In a recent publication, Marriott was mentioned as a model company that has a lot of focus for the adherence to its corporate principles that ensure and bring about reputation (Waddock, 2009). This is indeed an indication that the company’s citizenship and reputation has been noticed and praised by stakeholders. The need to do more by using the suggested client based ethics approach should however not be

Germany experienced a period of political Essay Example for Free

Germany experienced a period of political Essay Political calm, spd can’t compromise, Hindenburg causing problems, lack of cooperation between parties causing polarisation but no outright revolutions that happened during 1919-24, growing foreign relations lorcano/treaty of berlin Economic development, result of lorcano meant breathing space from reparations also dawes and young plan and rentenmark – dawes plan borrowed US money lead to increase in capital. Later though fulfilment still causing problems and unemployment pay is causing issues, increase in taxes Social progress, conservative right unhappy and manifests in literature and cinema expressing glory in WW1 contrasts with neue sachlichkiet modern Weimar culture, Bauhaus linking art and functionality. Highlighting social issues within Weimar Overall relative calm but lack of progress, economic development but in short term and social progress but not helping Weimar. The years 1924 to 1929 are often described as the ‘Golden years’ but it is debatable to what extent Germany actually experienced political calm, economic development and social progress during this time. Certainly there was not the turbulence of post-war Germany and the consequences of the crippling Versaille Treaty were not as harsh in this period but this does not mean it was a time of development and progress. It can be suggested that it was not a period ‘of political calm’, there was certainly a lot of tension between the various political parties that made up the many coalition governments in this period, the failure of so many governments alone suggests that there were serious political issues. The narrowing of the interests of each party meant that it was becoming increasingly difficult for effective coalition governments to be formed. The SPD were especially difficult in this time as they were against compromising with the ‘bourgeois parties’ as they felt a change in ideals would occur and proposed policies like the Heidelberg Programme which would see private ownership of industry be taken over by social owners. Obviously many parties from the left felt this but the SPD had the largest amount of seats in the Reichstag, over 150 at their peak in the 20’s, and therefore had the ability to put the government into a stalemate. The SPD’s inability to compromise makes the political stage even worse when Hindenburg is elected as president  in 1925. Hindenburg, being a veteran of the Franco-Prussian war and the general who won the battle of Tannenburg was already conservative and took as many steps as he could to reduce the power the SPD had. Hindenburg also believed the powers of the president should be unrestrained and even blocked a draft that would limit his ability to use Article 48. This incoduscive atmosphere meant that by the time the SPD were willing to cooperate with a coalition government, individual interests and polarisation of parties had developed and no one else was interested. Therefore this cannot be classed as a period of political calm due to the stagnant politica l system. However, it could be suggested that this tension is to be expected as people are still feeling the effects of the First World War and political calm could be defined by the lack of extreme political parties attempting to take over. When this era is compared to the years 1919 to 1924 it is by far a time of political calm as there were no outright attempts at revolution. The years before saw extreme right and left wing idealists try to take over and the fact that this was not attempted during the ‘golden years’ meant it was a time of relative political calm. This is not to mention the successes in Stresemann’s foreign policy, which put Germany back on track to becoming a serious European power once again. The admittance of Germany into the league of nations and the signing of various treaties, such as the Lorcano treaty, meant Germany were in a period of political calm; not experiencing the diplomatic humiliation of the years before. The various treaties signed by Stresemann also helped the economic development in this period. The Dawes gained significant investments from the US and the Young Plan reduced the reparations Germany would have to pay, and set a timescale for how long they would have to pay. This gave the country some ‘breathing space’ to repair and develop its own economy. The young plan, for example, reduced the amount they would have to pay by 1700 million marks than they would in conjunction with the Dawes plan. These plans, alongside the introduction of the rentenmark meant there was an increase in German capital in this period, which can certainly be classed as a period of economic development. Whilst there is definitely evidence of economic development in the mid-1920’s it did also experience financial issues. The increase in unemployment, 15% of the workforce were unemployed by 1929, put a heavy strain on the welfare system of Weimar Germany. The institution for paying unemployment benefits had to borrow money from the Government, 342 million reichsmarks, and the parties could not agree how to find this money. The SPD would increase taxes while the DVP would cut benefits. This can be seen as a backwards move in economic development, as the system did not address the problem of unemployment, but just found more money to pay it, with the decision of how to pay for the unemployment benefits was delayed until 1930. This can be seen as the government almost shooting themselves in the foot and making a short term fix for a long term problem. This short-sightedness can also be argued to be found in Stresemann’s policies, for borrowing money from the US. An international financial crisis would leave over-dependant-on-America Germany in a high amount of debt, which is what happened when the Wall Street Crash occurred. Therefore it can be said that these years were a period of economic development, but that there would be little long term effect on the country from these developments. Social progress is probably the only contention that can be absolutely agreed with, with very influential movements like the Bauhaus dominating this period of time, summed up as Neue Schlachkliet. This movement, saw a progression in modern views and an attempt to undermine the Weimar government by exposing the issues faced through literature, theatre and film. The need for educational and social reform was well documented and although this did not bode well for the Weimar government it definitely showed progress in attitudes of the general public. The conservative nature of many Germans could still be found and also classed as a social progress in the form of anti-democratic writings and films that promoted the glory of the First World war. The two social ideas both grew in this period, but neither celebrated the Weimar Government so whilst it was undoubtedly social progress it was not productive for the Weimar republic. There is definitely a case for political calm, economic development and social progress in the mid-1920’s but they were not necessarily the advances  that would warrant the term ‘golden years’. The political calm was only due to a lack of serious opposition to the government but still they could not successfully form an effective coalition government and whilst the economy did improve in this time the provisions made were short-sighted and the country was over-reliant on foreign investments. Whilst social progress was made in this era it is easy to see that the progress wasnot in the name of democracy and presented the Weimar government with future problems as popular ideology differed from what they promoted.

Diagnosis Case Study Essay -- Health Care

Identify possible nursing diagnoses that Karen may have and provide a rationale for your choice: A nursing diagnosis that would be attributed to the patient, Karen in the case study would be risk of deficient fluid volume. Karen’s slightly elevated pulse and respirations and additionally the assessment findings of mild oedema and blister formation show that there is a movement of body fluid into the second and third interstitial spacing. Brown and Edwards (2008) states this is caused by increased capillary permeability. Water, sodium and plasma protein move into the intestinal spacing and surrounding tissue. Furthermore Karen states that she has a headache, feels nauseas and chilled after being over exposed to the sun. Karen has a temperature of 38.5 and an abundant of redness to her body surface after prolonged exposure. Over exposure to ultra violet rays can cause thermal burns which leads to increased fluid loss via evaporation from the injured skin. Assessing the fluid loss, perfusion and oxygenation status, and evaluating the need for fluid and electrolyte replacem ent that is lost, through fluid and protein shifts can aid in the restoration of intravascular volume. Another expected nursing diagnosis is acute pain. The sudden onset of pain is a result of the nociceptive tissue damage and the nursing treatment required for the injury tissue. Careful assessment of the wound and surrounding tissue can help determine the level of injury sustained. The pain is variable and cannot be reliably predicted by clinical assessment of the patient. ‘Burn patients experience two kinds of pain continuous background pain, which occurs during the course of the day and night. Secondly, a treatment induced pain which is related to ambulation,... ...dical- surgical nursing, Assessment and management of clinical problems, 2nd edn, Elsevier Australia, Chatswood. Funnell, R, Koutoukidis, G & Lawrence, K (2009) Tabbner’s nursing care, 5th edn, Elsevier, Chatswood. Greenfield, E (2010) The pivotal role of nursing personnel in burn care, Indian Journal of plastic surgery Vol. 43, No. 3, pp.94-100, Viewed online 17th March 2010. http://www.ijps.org/article.asp?issn=09700358;year=2010;volume=43;issue=3;spage=94;epage=100;aulast=Greenfield. Patterson, R, Hoflund, H, Espey, K & Sharar, S(n.d.)Pain management, Pain Control - The International society for burn injuries, Viewed online 17th March 2012 http://www.worldburn.org/documents/painmanage.pdf. Sholtis-Bunner, L, Smeltzer, S, Bare, B Hinkle, J, Cheever, K 2009, Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing, 12thedn, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,

Aristotle introduced the three classical modes

This paper focuses on several key concepts presented in Aristotle’s works. The rationale behind such a choice is associated with the fact that Aristotle’s works are widely believed to be among the most important texts from the history of rhetoric (Herrick, 2004).Another reason for an in-depth focus on Aristotelian rhetoric is that many theories he developed are still widely used for effectively advancing arguments in the public discourse.Aristotle introduced the three classical modes of persuasion — Ethos (appeal to authority), Pathos (appeal to emotion), and Logos (appeal to logic). As concerns Ethos, audience tends to believe speakers that elicit respect and demonstrate their credibility. Personal qualities that render speakers such credibility encompass a sense of wisdom (phronesis), goodwill (eunoia), and strong moral character (arete).Pathos, for its part, implies that a speaker possesses the ability to arouse strong feeling and emotional reactions in his or her listeners. While Aristotle acknowledges the importance of the aforementioned modes of persuasion, he strongly deems that Logos is the most important and effective.Logical reasoning is occurring in two main forms: induction and deduction. Inductive reasoning entails arriving at a certain conclusion on the basis of specific examples. Deduction implies ascribing certain qualities to objects or phenomena on the basis of a general rule.Aristotle also investigates the concepts of syllogism and enthymeme. A syllogism, which is essentially a form of deductive reasoning, is defines as ‘a discourse in which, certain things having been supposed, something different from the things supposed results of necessity because these things are so’ (Aristotle, 1989, p.2).A syllogism consists of three elements, namely the major premise, the minor premise, and the conclusion. Each premise has to have one term that conclusion also contains; it is referred to as the middle term.The major t erm (a part of the major premise) is referred to as the predicate of the conclusion, and the minor term (a part of the minor premise) is referred to as the subject of the conclusion. An example of a syllogism presented by Aristotle is as follows: since all humans are mortal (major premise), and Socrates is human (minor premise), it is possible to infer that Socrates is mortal (conclusion).

Religion & Economic Development Essay

New World colonies located on the American Continent varied in their economic opportunities which set up the basis of what the colony would become overall. Each region differed in the advancement of their colonial system, based heavily upon on the nation that wished to colonize it. English colonies in upper Northeast New England and Spanish settlements in the Southwest regions had individual emphases both religiously and economically. Puritans from England were seeking refuge, freedom of religion, and economic opportunity hoping to establish long-rooted settlements. However, Conquistadors in the Southwest had eyes gleaming with their quest for â€Å"God, gold, and glory† and sought to lightly influence the land. Thus, these regions were driven separate directions, shaping their own religious positions and economic developments. Certainly the most distinguishing catalyst for colonization in both regions was religion. English Puritans sailed to North America’s Atlantic Coast with incentives towards escaping religious persecutions, while the Spanish arrived to convert the indigenous peoples to Catholicism. During the â€Å"Great Migration† of the 1630s, no more than twenty thousand Puritans came to Massachusetts fleeing the tendencies of the Anglican Church, and the common mistreatment against them. John Winthrop, the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, directed the Puritans to believe in the idea of the â€Å"city upon a hill†, a guideline of a self-righteous community for the rest of the world. Their definitive objective was to protect their beliefs, doing so by forming a society on the concepts of the Calvinists religion. A select group, the Elect, would’ve had to testify a religious conversion experience to vote. Soon, it became apparent to ministers that there was a rapid decline in the amount of conversions which significantly affected the amount of church members. As a resolution in 1662, the Half-Way Covenant was devised to acknowledge a partial membership into the church to those who could not testify to the religious experience but were moral members of society. In time, the â€Å"elect† and other members of society had hardly any dissimilarity between them. On the contrary, the Spanish settlements in the Southwest were focused primarily on converting the native peoples to Catholicism and seizing the land’s material, especially precious metals. Upon their arrival to the region, the Conquistadores were troubled by the strong opposition from the indigenous people such as the Aztecs, Mayas, and Incas. Susceptible to the deadly small pox and measles, courtesy of the Old World, numbers of the natives dwindled greatly. Once an iron fist of control was stabilized, the Roman Catholic mission rapidly became a central institution in the few settlements that had arisen. On the other hand, the Missionaries’ limitations on the native religious practices as well as the ruthless efforts to Christianize them led to the immediate uprising of the Popes Rebellion or the Pueblo Revolt in 1680. Pueblo rebels extirpated Catholic Churches in the province, killed hundreds of priests and Spanish settlers, which, in turn, lead to the eventual loss of Spanish control of the Southwest region for several years. Not only did New England settlements in the Northeast and Spanish colonies in the Southwest vary religiously, they differed economically as well. Primarily, New England’s Puritans center of attention around the agrarian economy all the while the Spanish Conquistadors goal was to attain material wealth such as fine metals. Preceding the French and Indian War, the policy of Salutary Neglect was practiced by the British Government with the hopes of keeping the colonists content as well as away from the idea of creating an alliance with France. Allowing the colonies to develop without obstructions from across the Atlantic strengthened their economic base. Due to the rocky soil that lacks nutrition, New England in the late 17th century relied greatly on a manufacturing economy, opposed to agrarian. The English prospered in the lumber, fishing, and shipbuilding industries. For some time, America was able to trade illegally with other countries expanding economic development, making it possible to compete in the world market. However, Spanish Conquistadores had a stronghold on the economic developments in the Southwest. Following the mercantilism theory, Spain concentrated more on exploiting the natural resources then to establish permanent colonies, delaying economic growth. Not only that, but the Hacienda structure input the class system which made the Native Americans slaves. Before long, the Spanish prestige and wealth declined causing major holes in the colonies economies in the Southwest. Therefore, the English colonies in the Northeast and Spanish settlements in the Southwest varied religiously and economically. Admittedly, members of each region mutually tried to convert the native people who thrived before them even if it was through dissimilar methods. Their purposes for sailing to the New World were the key difference. English Puritans came to establish tightly-knit communities free from the religious problems in England. For the Spanish, their goal was to laden their hands in wealth and spread Catholicism across the land.

Gender inequalities in school essays

Gender inequalities in school essays The study conducted explored the elements, which affect male and/or female students in a learning environment. The results indicate that male students may be more likely to be considered bourdons in the educational process than assets. Also, the consideration of implementing single-sex classrooms was taken into deliberation, and how the effects of single-sex classes could better aid female students advancement. The educational opportunity available to youth is universally available to all males and females alike in the United States. Or is it? Numerous studies examine the inequalities of education between genders. Studies range in subject matter from terms of educational access, attainment, to field studies. The value of educational research, and more particularly, its contribution to theory and knowledge has recently come under a series of sustained attacks. Moreover, the focus of the studies often times depict females as the victims within the educational system without regard to males and their perceived access to the education process. One theme of the topic Gender and Education assumes one unmitigated axiom that woman and men interact differently. Deborah Tannen, the founder of Genderlect Styles theory, supports this opinion. She clams that male-female conversation is cross-cultural communication. It is also believed that female communication focuses on connection, and in contrast, male communication focuses on trying to achieve status and maintain independence. Where does this difference in communication style come from? Many communication scholars argue that our educational system creates and encourages these differences. (Griffin, 2003). Qualitative studies far outnumber the quantitative reports available. Many researchers argue that the product of qualitative research should be a trustworthy report, that is accessible to a wide educational audience, with bias-free data, subjective distortion and capable of fresh insi...

How to Convert Grams to Moles and Vice Versa

How to Convert Grams to Moles and Vice Versa This worked example problem shows how to convert the number of grams of a molecule to the number of moles of the molecule. Why would you need to do that? This type of conversion problem mainly arises when you are given (or must measure) the mass of a sample in grams and then need to work a ratio or balanced equation problem that requires moles. Key Takeaways: Converting Moles to Grams (and Vice Versa) Grams and moles are two units to express the amount of matter in a sample. There is no conversion formula between the two units. Instead, you must use atomic mass values and the chemical formula to do the conversion.To do this, look up atomic masses on the periodic table and use the formula mass to know how many atoms of each element are in a compound.Remember, subscripts in a formula indicate number of atoms. If there is no subscript, it means there is only one atom of that element in the formula.Multiply the number of atoms of an element by its atomic mass. Do this for all the atoms and add the values together to get the number of grams per mole. This is your conversion factor. Grams to Moles Conversion Problem Determine the number of moles of CO2 in 454 grams of CO2. Solution First, look up the atomic masses for carbon and oxygen from the periodic table. The atomic mass of C is 12.01, and the atomic mass of O is 16.00. The formula mass of CO2 is: 12.01 2(16.00) 44.01 Thus, one mole of CO2 weighs 44.01 grams. This relation provides a conversion factor to go from grams to moles. Using the factor 1 mol/44.01 g: moles CO2 454 g x 1 mol/44.01 g 10.3 moles Answer There are 10.3 moles of CO2 in 454 grams of CO2. Moles to Grams Example Problem On the other hand, sometimes youre given a value in moles and need to convert it to grams. To do this, first calculate the molar mass of a sample. Then, multiply it by the number of moles to get an answer in grams: grams of sample (molar mass) x (moles) For example, find the number of grams in 0.700 moles of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. Calculate the molar mass by multiplying the number of atoms of each element in the compound (its subscript) times the atomic mass of the element from the periodic table. Molar mass (2 x 1.008) (2 x 15.999) Note the use of more significant figures for oxygenMolar mass 34.016 grams/mol Multiply the molar mass by the number of moles to get the grams: grams of hydrogen peroxide (34.016 grams/mol) x (0.700 mol) 23.811 grams There are 23.811 grams of hydrogen peroxide in 0.700 moles of hydrogen peroxide. Performing Grams and Moles Conversions Here are some tips for performing these conversions: The two problems most commonly encountered are setting up the problem incorrectly, so the units dont cancel out and give the correct result. It helps to write out the conversion and make sure units cancel. You may want to draw a line through them in complex calculations to keep track of active units.Watch your significant figures. Chemistry professors are unforgiving when it comes to reporting an answer, even if you set up the problem correctly. Moles to Grams Conversion Problem Sometimes you are given moles and need to convert it into grams. This worked example problem shows you  how to convert moles to grams. Problem Determine the mass in grams of 3.60 mol of H2SO4. Solution First, look up the atomic masses for hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen from the  periodic table. The atomic mass is 1.008 for H, 32.06 for S, and 16.00 for O.  The formula mass  of H2SO4  is: 2(1.008) 32.06 4(16.00) 98.08 Thus, one mole of H2SO4  weighs 98.08 grams. This relation provides a conversion factor to go from grams to moles. Using the factor 98.08 g / 1 mol: grams H2SO4   3.60 mol x 98.08 g / 1 mol 353 g H2SO4 Answer There are 353 grams of H2SO4 in 3.60 moles of H2SO4.

LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LAW - Essay Example Being suspicious of a person is reason enough to warrant the officer asking questions of the individual but searching violates the Constitution. Others cite the safety of the officer as reason enough to allow them to search anyone they deem to be acting in a suspicious manner and if something illegal is found, it should be admissible evidence in court. The Supreme Court overwhelmingly agreed with the latter opinion. A detective on duty in Cleveland saw two men walking back and forth in front of a store, staring in the store’s window then speaking with a third man. The men were observed repeating this action about two dozen times. The detective thought these men may be ‘casing’ the store and intended to rob it at a later time so he approached them, had them turn around, raise their hands and ‘patted them down.’ Two of the three were found carrying weapons, Terry and Chilton, who were arrested and charged with concealed weapons violations. The seemingly simple case that more likely would have been settled in a municipal court became a test of the U.S. Constitution. At the trial, the defense argued that the facts of the case did not satisfy the definition of probable cause therefore the weapons were illegally seized, a violation of the Fourth Amendment, and should not be allowed as evidence during the trial. Of course this would have lead to an immediate dismissal of the case. The prosecution countered that the detective was within his full legal right to ‘frisk’ the men, that the evidence satisfied the definition of reasonable cause and the officer’s safety was dependent on this interpretation of the law. The court decided that the officer did have reasonable cause to believe the suspects were armed and were within his legal right to search them. It also declared that stopping an individual for questioning did not require the level of probable cause that is needed prior to making an arrest,

Econometrics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Econometrics - Essay Example Moreover, the scatter plots of income versus consumption and income versus investment are also plotted. The graphs show that the actual plots of all the variables except the government non-wage income show fluctuating trends with alternative peaks and troughs in the period of analysis. The correlograms of all the variables except the government non-wage income become zero from the third order ones. This shows that all the variable except the government non-wage income show fluctuating trends in the period of analysis. Government non-wage income show steady rising trend in the period of analysis. The correlogram of this variable is not gradually declining and remains the same. The scatter plots show that there is a significant positive correlation between income and consumption .Though a positive correlation can be seen income and investment, it is not so significant compared to the previous one. The OLS estimation for consumption shows perfect model fit. The coefficients for wage income and profit income are positive and significant. One percent rise in wage income leads to a significant rise of 19 percent consumption while one percent rise in wage income leads to a significant rise of 79 percent in consumption. The actual and fitted values of Consumption shows perfect fit as shown from the graphs in appendix 2. The 2SLS estimation shows that only wage income is significant in determining consumption .Here the coefficient for wage income has increased to 81.6 percent compared to the OLS estimation. At the same time profit income lost its significance here. The actual and fitted vales show perfect fit in this case also. For the estimation of investment with OLS, current and lagged values of profit income are positive and significant while lagged value of capital stock is significant and negative in determining investment. One percent rise in current and lagged

No preference Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No preference - Coursework Example However, the level of technology has led to interpretation of the constitution into simple terms changing the original meaning. The development of the translational corporation for the last decades indicates how the power has shifted away from sovereignty in nations that have embraced technology. The mass media has caused a lot of influence on democracy. Some magazines and television stations criticize the behaviors of political leaders. Gone are the days when the reporters could not talk about political leaders without facing punishment. The advancement in technology will continue influencing the constitution. In future, rules of voting will change. Citizens may never vote through the ballot box. Elections will take place through the internet and voters will cast their votes online. All citizens will have a freedom of posting their criticism about some behaviors in the internet. A constitution plays a leading role in every country. However, rules and regulation differs in each country. It is very difficult for an individual to rule out that which is a majoritys agreement. Therefore, being a citizen in a particular country one has to adhere to the rules and regulations governing that country (Stone & Marshal, 2015) Different country support death penalty for murderers while others support life imprisonment. However, criminal regulations depend on the constitution of the state. Much as death penalty may seem unfair to the offender, it is advantageous as it helps curb murder

Impact of Slavery on Industrial and Consumer Society

Impact of Slavery on Industrial and Consumer Society What part did slavery play in the emergence of an industrial and a consumer society in Britain in the period 1700-1820? Slavery did play a part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society in Britain during the period 1700-1820. Slavery did play a part in the emergence of an industrial and an consumer society, but not significantly. Firstly, Slavery enabled large quantities of commodities to be produced and imported to Britain, which led to the consumer society. A consumer society is defined as (Dictionary, 2017)a society in which the buying and selling of goods and services is the most important economic activity. The consumer society in Britain was on the up during the period 1700-1820, with valuable commodities such as tea and sugar appearing in most homes in Britain. But slaverys part in the emergence of an industrial society was that it was that the profits contributed to the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution was an economic advance for the country. It was the transition to a new and different process where the sugar industry wasnt dominant. Industries such as textiles an d Iron were more important to the industrial society. Slaverys profits are believed to have funded the industrial revolution. The idea that slavery played a part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society will be explored further using various sources and examples such as text from Inikori, Blackburn, Eltis and evidence from Sugar Dynasty a DVD source. Firstly, slavery played a key part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society because the slave trade produced valuable commodities for Britain, the main example of this is Caribbean sugar. This argument is supported by Joseph Inikori, a Nigerian scholar who studies Atlantic history in America. Inikori states that (Inikori, 2002, p.481) enslaved Africans and their descendants were the only specialised producers of commodities in the Americas for Atlantic commerce. This would mean that slaves were part of the emergence of a consumer society because they were the only way of producing certain commodities such as sugar which was exclusively made abroad as. Evidence from the DVD source Sugar Dynasty also argues that the part slavery played in the emergence of a consumer society in Britain. The narrator of the DVD explains how sugar was imported back to Britain where even labourers families could buy sugar for their tea. This doesnt mean it was cheap to buy. Frederick Eden exp lains how much was spent on these comodities in his book The State and the Poor Vol 3, and more was spent on tea and sugar than on rent. Sugar is recorded in this text as costing 9d per pound. This will link later to how profits of slavery played a part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society, as evidence of how much Caribbean sugar was being sold for and how the profits from it could have funded industrial change. Although it was a valuable commodity it wasnt cheap. Others have argued that slaverys part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society has been exaggerated. David Eltis is one historian who has argued this. Eltis argues that the slave trade only formed a tiny share of Britains Atlantic trade. Eltis uses quantitative data to support this. He states (Eltis, 2001)The slave trade thus accounted for less than 3 percent of British shipping tonnage. this data from Eltis shows how little a part slavery played in the emergence of an industrial and consume r society in Britain. Also, Eltis makes a good argument that if slavery and industrial growth were linked and if it did at all contribute significantly to industrialization then Eltis says that the first industrial economy should have been Portugal. As Portugal (Eltis, 2001) managed to carry 40 percent more slaves across the Atlantic than did the British. Therefore, he argues slavery did not play a part in the emergence of a consumer society in Britain. Instead, Eltis argues that the emergence of an industrial and consumer society was down to other industries. The sugar industry which was produced by the slave trade was not a large enough industry and therefore couldnt have funded industrial change in Britain. Eltis shows this again with the use of quantitative data (Eltis, 2001)Table 10.1 in Eltis Europe and the Atlantic Slave System shows the values adding in millions and the total labour forces of different industries in 1805. Iron, Woollen textiles, sheep farming and coal all ha d a higher value added than Caribbean sugar. Iron for example has a value of output at 16.2 million compared with Caribbean sugar at 5.47 added. Eltis uses a lot of quantitative date in this work. The advantage of this is that it is more reliable and therefore leads Eltis to state that Caribbean sugar was not the largest contributing industry to Britain, as it provided relatively small inputs to other industries. The important point here that Eltis makes is that (Eltis, 2001)Sugar was just one of hundreds of industries in an economy that was already complex this explains to us that it would be difficult to pinpoint what part slavery played when the economy was already complex. Although he does not deny that Slavery played a part in the emergence of an industrial and a consumer society, that part was to supply the country with commodities from a small industry. And contribute to the industrial and consumer society, but in a very minor way. Therefore, slavery did play a part in the em ergence of an industrial and consumer society as the slave trade provided the country with valuable commodities. Furthermore, the part that slavery played in the emergence of an industrial and an consumer society is that it produced the profits which funded the industrial revolution. They boosted the economy of Britain. Eric Williams argued this with his thesis Williams thesis. He claimed in Capitalism and Slavery (Williams, (1961 [1944]))that the profits of slavery were such as to fertilize every branch of national production and set British capitalism off to a flying start. Williams believed this was down to the triangular trade. The triangular trade was the route taken by Europeans to transport goods to Africa and exchanged for slaves, that were then taken to the Americas. Therefore, slaverys part in the emergence of an industrial society was that the profits funded industrial capitalism. However, Williams book is criticised by Blackburn for having (Blackburn, 1997)attempted no quantitative demonstration of its thesis which would have helped greatly with his argument. As discussed above, qua ntitative is important as it is supportive with numbers and figures. There are several tables in Blackburns primitive Accumulation and British Industrialization that attempt to pin point a figure of profit made from the slave trade. But despite this there is no table that states how much profit was directly invested into the industrial revolution. Referring the DVD Sugar Dynasty it gives us an idea of where profits could have been going. The DVD shows us that the planters indulged in rich and expensive food and drink. The narrator of the programme then goes on to say how the excess consumed by planters discussed visitors to Jamaica. This can be interpreted to mean that they were consuming ridiculously expensive food. We can refer to Blackburns writing to build further on this, (Blackburn, 1997) Since a large number of plantation owners were absentees, they were inclined to remit profits to Britain with some adjustment according to their estimate of commercial prospects this builds o n the idea that some profits could have been retained by plantation owners to fund their lavish lifestyles. So, slavery did play a part, but more importantly it was the profits which played a part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society. But it is unknown how much profits were invested, it would be difficult to determine how much was invested and to what impact it had. In conclusion, Slaverys part in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society in Britain in the period 1700-1820 was that it provided valuable commodities which was important to the consumer society in Britain at the time. As these commodities were in most households but was also very expensive. Also, Slaverys profits were believed to have played a part in the emergence of an industrial society in Britain as they contributed to the investment of Britain. However, we went on to find out that the slave trade made up for only a minority of the investment into the industrial revolution. Overall slavery played only a few parts in the emergence of an industrial and consumer society in Britain. References Blackburn, R. (1997). The Making of New World Slavery: from the Baroque to the Modern, 1492-1800. Dictionary, O. (2017). Consumer Society. Retrieved from Oxford Dictionaries: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/consumer_society Eltis, D. (2001). The Volume and structure of the transatlantic slave trade: a reassessment (Vol. 58). William and MAry Quarterly. Waites, B. . (2007). Block 4: Slavery and freedom. Milton Keynes: The Open University. Williams, E. ((1961 [1944])). Capitalism and Slavery.

Appearance vs Reality Essay -- essays papers

Appearance vs Reality One normally disguises in order to be someone else, whether this be in a costume during Halloween, or as a character in a play or movie. Shakespeare uses the idea of disguise in his ‘Taming of the Shrew’ The minor theme of the play is appearance vs reality. Throughout the drama, things are never really as they seem. Katherine appears to be a real shrew, but it is all a cover-up for the hurt she feels. Bianca appears to be a self-sacrificing angel, but she is really a spoiled young lady who can quickly revert to shrewish behavior. Baptista appears to the outside world as a wonderful father; in truth, he pampers Bianca, totally spoiling her, and treats Katherine badly, depriving her of the loving attention she needs and seeks. Pe...

Beowulf Assessment

In the epic, Beowulf, the main character faces many antagonists who have the exact opposite of the virtues of Anglo-Saxon culture. Beowulf, the protagonist, obviously possesses all the virtues important to Anglo-Saxons. The first antagonist that Beowulf faces is named Unferth. Unferth is not loyal in that killed his brother slyly and that he offers Beowulf a sword to fight Grendel that shows that he is too cowardly to fight the monster himself. Loyalty and bravery are two of the most important virtues present in Anglo-Saxon literature. Unferth is also demeaning and cruel to his guest Beowulf. In most Anglo-Saxon literature, hospitality towards guests is very important and expected. The next antagonist is Grendel. He is very ambiguous and very monstrous in appearance although exhibiting many human emotion and impulses. Grendel exhibits aggression, loneliness, and jealously. He is somewhat cowardly in that he attacks at night when men are asleep and he runs back to his lair after his encounter with Beowulf. Grendel’s mother has the same virtues as her son except she fights out of anger. She really has no cause for fighting. The dragon is very grotesque and preys on the town. He is very selfish which is not part of an Anglo-Saxon protagonist like Beowulf in that he attacks the town after having one piece of treasure stolen. All three monsters are portrayed as evil, aggressive villains especially since they battle against the hero, Beowulf. Unferth is a human example of a protagonist lacking loyalty and bravery.

Primo Levi

The Reawakening, by Primo Levi, is a sequel to his first novel, Survival in Auschwitz. It is a deeply powerful memoir of his liberation from the most brutal concentration camps of them all, Auschwitz. Published in 1946, the story of Primo Levi’s pursuit for freedom has inspired many people around the world. Levi’s quest back home to Italy was a grueling mission, from ruthless acts of the Nazi regime, the traumatic effects of imprisonment in Auschwitz and the near death experience of hunger and illness.The Holocaust brought a cloud of darkness filled with pain and despair. Very few victims of the Holocaust survived and those who did found it extremely hard to cope with the traumatic memories that the Holocaust instilled in them. Those who were liberated from Nazi persecution did not feel the freedom they longed for but instead felt that their quest for freedom was like a dream; a nightmare that they would never wake up from. It is fair to say that Primo Levi’s jou rney back home was his own â€Å"reawakening† from the nightmare of Auschwitz.Primo Levi’s encounters, tenacity and determination kept his moral spirit alive enabling him to survive one of the most grueling times in history. The liberation of Nazi concentration camps by allied forces was a great accomplishment during the World War II. After many long years, the victims of the concentration camps were finally granted freedom. However, the chance of survival for the recently liberated prisoners was just as dim as if they were in the camps. Many Jews wanted to immigrate to the â€Å"promise land† located in Israel but because of the lack of resources and strict immigration laws many were unable to do so.Primo Levi, a survivor from Auschwitz, encounters many challenges through his ten month quest back to his home in Italy. Levi’s determination to return to his â€Å"promise land† forced him fight against the great darkness of death, illness and hunger. Levi’s long and grueling journey made him realize that liberty did not bring the survivors to the â€Å"promised land. † They were left to fend for themselves, suffering each day like they did in the camps. Those who were lucky enough to survive the aftermath of the war struggled to establish a new â€Å"free† life.Primo Levi’s Reawakening displays the many hardships that the survivors of the Holocaust had to face trying to get to their â€Å"promise land. † Levi’s liberation and quest back home took him through many countries in Europe, from Hungry to Russia and finally Romania before reaching Italy. Throughout this journey, Levi had the opportunity to see all walks of life. The vision of Auschwitz was traumatizing but through his travels he was able to see beautiful country sides and villages, burned homes, and places of death and destruction.The darkness of poverty and the illuminating light of flourishing markets made Levi’s jour ney a very strange and awkward quest. Primo Levi was able to see the beauty in freedom but he was still haunted by the memories of death and despair that the Holocaust left on its victims in Europe. The memory of Auschwitz will never subside in Levi’s thoughts. Throughout the novel, Levi recalls the brutal experiences that he and his fellow Jewish people encountered in the concentration camps.The haunting of the Holocaust took a huge toll on Primo Levi’s emotional and physical well being, leaving him with many unanswered questions. If the war was over why was there still hungry mouths to feed, sick souls to nourish and damaged lives to fix? The end of the war did not promise freedom for Jews but instead made them walk a path of fear and hatred. The establishment of new life was hard for the survivors of the concentration camps, for they had been so dehumanized that is was impossible for them to come to grips with reality.The survivors were so used to living and sleepin g with corpses that they too felt that their own soul was no longer with them. It was very difficult for Jews to recuperate from the racial purification attempts of the Holocaust, but those who showed hope and perseverance through theses grueling times were able to regain their life and self worth. Throughout Levi’s reawakening, he met very extraordinary people, many of whom are survivors of the Holocaust just like him. These people can be seen as a symbol in Levi’s reawakening helping him establish new life after liberation.Jews are deeply hated amongst the European nation and Levi encounters three authority figures they guide him with rules that he must abide in order to escape detestation. During a walk along the churches of Cracow, Levi came across the first authority figure, a priest. They carried the most â€Å"extravagant and chaotic conversation in Latin. † (Levi, 50) At the end of their encounter the priest advises Levi not to speak German in public. Th e second authority figure that Levi encountered was a lawyer traveling through Treblinka. He was a Polish man but he could speak German as well.Like the priest, he also advised Levi not to speak German in public. A police officer, the third figure of authority in Levi’s reawakening, showed compassion towards Levi and offered him â€Å"a night in warmth, in jail. † (Levi, 56) This kind Italian officer warned Levi not to speak in German as well. German is the language of the Nazis, who are greatly feared and hated because of their malicious actions towards Jews. These figures in Levi’s reawakening gave Levi comfort with their advice and shown him that in order to establish new life he must abide by the rules.Another very important figure in Levi’s reawakening was Mordo Nahum, the â€Å"Greek. † The Greek was the vision of life, showing Levi the qualities of hard work, perseverance and friendship. Qualities such as these were vital in they key to surv ival during the aftermath of the War. Like Levi, Greek was also a Jew but he was not like anyone Levi had ever met. He was a strong, logical and cold man that believed â€Å"his life has been one of war. † (Levi, 52) Many survivors believed that the world owed them for their sufferings during the Holocaust but liberty never took place.Immigration laws and conferences such as the Bermuda Conference and the Evian Conference did not do much for the Jewish refugees. The Greek realized the ignorance and selfishness that the world shared and made it clear to Levi that he must learn how to fend for himself because no one will do it for him. This may sound insensitive of the Greek but there is always war and one must learn how to fight against darkness. The Reawakening, by Primo Levi, is a remarkable account of the brutal hardships and hope that the survivors of the Holocaust had to endure.Levi’s memory and experience of the Holocaust have made him a very humble and non-judgme ntal person. Levi does not tell his story with a biased approach, but instead writes like a journalist that gives every detail about the events that has happened in his life. I feel that Levi’s ability to face the darkness of Holocaust without hatred and animosity is a great testament to his strength and character. He gives the facts about Jewish liberation and shows the reader his account and â€Å"reawakening† from the Holocaust. Primo Levi The Reawakening, by Primo Levi, is a sequel to his first novel, Survival in Auschwitz. It is a deeply powerful memoir of his liberation from the most brutal concentration camps of them all, Auschwitz. Published in 1946, the story of Primo Levi’s pursuit for freedom has inspired many people around the world. Levi’s quest back home to Italy was a grueling mission, from ruthless acts of the Nazi regime, the traumatic effects of imprisonment in Auschwitz and the near death experience of hunger and illness.The Holocaust brought a cloud of darkness filled with pain and despair. Very few victims of the Holocaust survived and those who did found it extremely hard to cope with the traumatic memories that the Holocaust instilled in them. Those who were liberated from Nazi persecution did not feel the freedom they longed for but instead felt that their quest for freedom was like a dream; a nightmare that they would never wake up from. It is fair to say that Primo Levi’s jou rney back home was his own â€Å"reawakening† from the nightmare of Auschwitz.Primo Levi’s encounters, tenacity and determination kept his moral spirit alive enabling him to survive one of the most grueling times in history. The liberation of Nazi concentration camps by allied forces was a great accomplishment during the World War II. After many long years, the victims of the concentration camps were finally granted freedom. However, the chance of survival for the recently liberated prisoners was just as dim as if they were in the camps. Many Jews wanted to immigrate to the â€Å"promise land† located in Israel but because of the lack of resources and strict immigration laws many were unable to do so.Primo Levi, a survivor from Auschwitz, encounters many challenges through his ten month quest back to his home in Italy. Levi’s determination to return to his â€Å"promise land† forced him fight against the great darkness of death, illness and hunger. Levi’s long and grueling journey made him realize that liberty did not bring the survivors to the â€Å"promised land. † They were left to fend for themselves, suffering each day like they did in the camps. Those who were lucky enough to survive the aftermath of the war struggled to establish a new â€Å"free† life.Primo Levi’s Reawakening displays the many hardships that the survivors of the Holocaust had to face trying to get to their â€Å"promise land. † Levi’s liberation and quest back home took him through many countries in Europe, from Hungry to Russia and finally Romania before reaching Italy. Throughout this journey, Levi had the opportunity to see all walks of life. The vision of Auschwitz was traumatizing but through his travels he was able to see beautiful country sides and villages, burned homes, and places of death and destruction.The darkness of poverty and the illuminating light of flourishing markets made Levi’s jour ney a very strange and awkward quest. Primo Levi was able to see the beauty in freedom but he was still haunted by the memories of death and despair that the Holocaust left on its victims in Europe. The memory of Auschwitz will never subside in Levi’s thoughts. Throughout the novel, Levi recalls the brutal experiences that he and his fellow Jewish people encountered in the concentration camps.The haunting of the Holocaust took a huge toll on Primo Levi’s emotional and physical well being, leaving him with many unanswered questions. If the war was over why was there still hungry mouths to feed, sick souls to nourish and damaged lives to fix? The end of the war did not promise freedom for Jews but instead made them walk a path of fear and hatred. The establishment of new life was hard for the survivors of the concentration camps, for they had been so dehumanized that is was impossible for them to come to grips with reality.The survivors were so used to living and sleepin g with corpses that they too felt that their own soul was no longer with them. It was very difficult for Jews to recuperate from the racial purification attempts of the Holocaust, but those who showed hope and perseverance through theses grueling times were able to regain their life and self worth. Throughout Levi’s reawakening, he met very extraordinary people, many of whom are survivors of the Holocaust just like him. These people can be seen as a symbol in Levi’s reawakening helping him establish new life after liberation.Jews are deeply hated amongst the European nation and Levi encounters three authority figures they guide him with rules that he must abide in order to escape detestation. During a walk along the churches of Cracow, Levi came across the first authority figure, a priest. They carried the most â€Å"extravagant and chaotic conversation in Latin. † (Levi, 50) At the end of their encounter the priest advises Levi not to speak German in public. Th e second authority figure that Levi encountered was a lawyer traveling through Treblinka. He was a Polish man but he could speak German as well.Like the priest, he also advised Levi not to speak German in public. A police officer, the third figure of authority in Levi’s reawakening, showed compassion towards Levi and offered him â€Å"a night in warmth, in jail. † (Levi, 56) This kind Italian officer warned Levi not to speak in German as well. German is the language of the Nazis, who are greatly feared and hated because of their malicious actions towards Jews. These figures in Levi’s reawakening gave Levi comfort with their advice and shown him that in order to establish new life he must abide by the rules.Another very important figure in Levi’s reawakening was Mordo Nahum, the â€Å"Greek. † The Greek was the vision of life, showing Levi the qualities of hard work, perseverance and friendship. Qualities such as these were vital in they key to surv ival during the aftermath of the War. Like Levi, Greek was also a Jew but he was not like anyone Levi had ever met. He was a strong, logical and cold man that believed â€Å"his life has been one of war. † (Levi, 52) Many survivors believed that the world owed them for their sufferings during the Holocaust but liberty never took place.Immigration laws and conferences such as the Bermuda Conference and the Evian Conference did not do much for the Jewish refugees. The Greek realized the ignorance and selfishness that the world shared and made it clear to Levi that he must learn how to fend for himself because no one will do it for him. This may sound insensitive of the Greek but there is always war and one must learn how to fight against darkness. The Reawakening, by Primo Levi, is a remarkable account of the brutal hardships and hope that the survivors of the Holocaust had to endure.Levi’s memory and experience of the Holocaust have made him a very humble and non-judgme ntal person. Levi does not tell his story with a biased approach, but instead writes like a journalist that gives every detail about the events that has happened in his life. I feel that Levi’s ability to face the darkness of Holocaust without hatred and animosity is a great testament to his strength and character. He gives the facts about Jewish liberation and shows the reader his account and â€Å"reawakening† from the Holocaust.